The Origin Of Wealth By Eric Beinhocker - 779 Words

The Second Law of Thermodynamics (also called the Law of Entropy) states that, generally, the universe moves from order and structure to a state of disorder. What we witness around is staggering complexity. Complexity has found its way into economics too. Eric Beinhocker, the author of â€Å"The Origin of Wealth†, estimates that in New York City alone, there are some 10 billion SKUs, or distinct commodities, being traded in a day. This is why, when an invention as simple as bitcoins was created, it made the economy uneasy. Over the past years, there has been an increase in interst in the cryptocurrency system by financial institutions and governments. However, their position is typically stated by â€Å"I like blockchain but not bitcoin.† Institutions have failed to understand that bitcoins and blockchains have symbiotic relationships. The coin is an incentive mechanism to maintain security. Until the invention of Bitcoin in 2008, security and decentralization seemed like contrary concepts. Traditional models of financial transactions lie on centralized control to provide security. The architecture of traditional financial network is built around a central authority. As a result, security and authority had to be vested in that central actor. The resulting security model looks like concentric circle with very limited access to the center and increasing access as we move away from the center. However, even the most outermost circle, cannot afford open access. The entities near theShow MoreRelatedExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 PagesSound into a music and media empire worth nearly  £150m. Two years later, Palumbo had quit as chief executive and the Ministry of Sound was looking for a new st rategic direction. The Ministry of Sound’s start had been difï ¬ cult. Dance music had its origins in ‘acid house’, itself with its roots in the futuristic, electronic music of the gay clubs of Chicago and New York. The new style had been picked up by British DJs in Ibiza, who combined it with the drug Ecstasy to create a new ‘blissed-out’ sound

Comparing Two Film Versions of Romeo and Juliet Essay

Comparing Two Film Versions of Romeo and Juliet For this assignment I shall be comparing two film versions of Romeo and Juliet. The first one was directed by Franco Zefferelli in1968 and the most recent version in 1997 by baz Luhrmann. I will be comparing the opening scene (including the prologue) up to the end of the first fight between the two families. Before the directors even started filming they had to have a concept in mind, an idea, a piece of art that they would ultimately like as all directors would, to be recognised for his talent as well as the goal of making money to further their careers. To be able to tell a popular story†¦show more content†¦As well as later on the Capulets seem to be looking for trouble but the Montagues were relaxed and just wanted to have fun. As well as they both would have use the most up to date technology that was available to the directors at the time of filming their versions. One thing that they both use when shooting there films was the use of natural lighting and would have been shot around mid day when the sun is at its highest. They would have done this as it helps to highlight the bright colours the directors used such as the Montagues bright yellow car in the first scene. This is true although a major difference between the two versions was speed. In Zefferellis the movement of the camera was slow and scenes seemed to be stretched out. On the other hand Luhrmann uses fast paced shots and was always moving so fast that things could be missed by the audience. They also use different families to begin with in Luhrmann the Montague are the ones that start the trouble of where as the others version the Capulets began the brawl by biting his thumb. As well as these things throughout Zefferellis adaptation of Romeo and Juliet there are few close up shots and all of the characters bodies fit into one shot this isnt as good as the audience are less likely to see the emotions that are being conveyed. Zefferelli (an Italian director) has tried to replicateShow MoreRelatedComparing the Starts of Two Film Versions of Romeo and Juliet1744 Words   |  7 PagesComparing the Starts of Two Film Versions of Romeo and Juliet Romeo and Juliet is a timeless, classical love story written by the unmatched author, William Shakespeare. Many of Shakespeare’s works are considered literary classics, but none are more loved, well known than Romeo and Juliet. This play masterfully tells the love story of two teenagers in Verona, Italy. The title characters, Romeo and Juliet, are members of two feuding families. Romeo is a MontagueRead MoreComparing The Opening Scenes of the Two Romeo and Juliet Films1154 Words   |  5 PagesComparing The Opening Scenes of the Two Romeo and Juliet Films In this essay I will be comparing two Romeo and Juliet films done by different directors at different times. The first film I will be comparing was directed by Franco Zeffirelli in 1968, which is considered the older version and the other film I will be comparing was directed by Baz Luhrmann in 1996 and this is considered the more recent version of Romeo and Juliet. For each film I will be comparing Read MoreEssay on Comparing Romeo and Juliet Films1328 Words   |  6 PagesComparing Romeo and Juliet Films In this essay I intend to compare both the part scenes of Franco Zefferelli and Baz Lurhman movie. Franco’s film was screened in 1970; the actors who play the role of RomeoJuliet are Leonardo Whiting and Olivia Hussey. Baz’s film was screened in 1997. Leonardo Di Caprio played the role of Romeo and Clare Danes had played the role of Juliet. In this essay I will discuss the differences in both these film that tell the sameRead MoreMagazine Review of Baz Luhrmanns Romeo and Juliet Essay780 Words   |  4 PagesMagazine Review of Baz Luhrmanns Romeo and Juliet Imagine that you are writing a review of Baz Luhrmanns Romeo and Juliet for a magazine aimed at English teachers. Concentrating only on the first ten minutes of the film, explain its possible appeal to 14 year olds and how the director has adapted Shakespeares play. Finally explain whether you would recommend it to be used in the classroomRead MoreComparing the Openings of the Film Versions of Romeo and Juliet by Franco Zeffirelli and Baz Luhrmann775 Words   |  4 PagesComparing the Openings of the Film Versions of Romeo and Juliet by Franco Zeffirelli and Baz Luhrmann Both openings of ‘Romeo and Juliet’ by Franco Zeffirelli and Baz Luhrmann show similarities and contrasts. Although both versions are faithful to the text as the words spoken by the voiceover in the Prologue are the same, the methods of presentation are clearly different. Zeffirelli places the film in the 17th century and takes a more traditional approach. By using a whiteRead MoreComparing The Opening Shots in Baz Luhrmann and Franco Zeffirellis Versions of Romeo and Juliet1551 Words   |  7 PagesComparing The Opening Shots in Baz Luhrmann and Franco Zeffirellis Versions of Romeo and Juliet This essay will compare two versions of Romeo and Juliet directed by Baz Luhrmann and Franco Zeffirelli. In order for me to comment on both versions of Romeo and Juliet I will compare the opening shots, the way the main characters are introduced and the types of music and costumes used in each version. Baz Luhrmanns film takes place in contemporary America. The latest Read MoreThe Films of Franco Zeffirelli versus Baz Luhbrmanns Version of Romeo and Juliet662 Words   |  3 PagesThe Films of Franco Zeffirelli versus Baz Luhbrmanns Version of Romeo and Juliet Two films, both alike in content, set in fair Verona, where the directors laid out their scene, one created by Franco Zeffirelli in 1968 and the other by Baz Luhbrmann in 1996. Both cinematic, both staying true to the plot and dialogue, each one radically different than the other, Zeffirelli sets his film within historical actuality, while Luhbrmann presents his with a modern twist. A story of love, revenge andRead MoreEssay on Comparing Opening Sequences of Romeo and Juliet1626 Words   |  7 PagesComparing Opening Sequences of Romeo and Juliet In my essay I am going to compare the opening scenes the two versions of Romeo Juliet. One is by Franco Zeffirelli, which was made in the late 1970’s. The other one is by Baz Luhrmann and was made in 1996. The Zeffirelli version stars Leonardo Whiting as Romeo and Olivia Hussey as Juliet. This version was more authentic and traditional. It was filmed more in a way Shakespeare would have illusory it. It was set in ItalyRead MoreHatred Between Montagues and Capulets in William Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet1891 Words   |  8 PagesHatred Between Montagues and Capulets in William Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet Task To analyse how Franco Zefferelli and Baz Lurhmann show the hatred between the Montagues and Capulet, which is so strong in the opening sequence of their film version of Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet. Introduction ============ Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet is a love story and a tragedy - one of his best knownRead MoreShow How the Masked Ball Scene in Act 1 Scene 5 of ‘Romeo and Juliet Is Such a Dramatic and Important Scene with Shakespeares Audiences. You Should Refer to Words in the Text but You May Also Include References to Filmed Versions You Have Watch...1746 Words   |  7 Pagesthe audience know that Romeo and Juliet will meet and fall in love even though they are from feuding families. This allows dramatic irony throughout the play. For example: ‘A pair of star-crossd lovers take their life. (Narrator, prologue, line 6) This means that they meet by chance and that they will die together. After they meet at the ball they do not know who oneanother is and after enquiring they find they are from the rival families. After Juliet finds out Romeo is a Montague she says to

NYU Diagnostic Medical Sonography Program Free Essays

Ever since I was a young child, I have always been fascinated with the wonders of the medical field. As I grew older, questions continuously ran through my brain, as to how certain parts of the body function. Some of those questions were answerable by a simple â€Å"yes† or â€Å"no†, while others required complex answers unknown to many. We will write a custom essay sample on NYU Diagnostic Medical Sonography Program or any similar topic only for you Order Now For this, I decided that I would take up a course from the medical field when I go to college. After my completion of high school education in 2004, I attended college at the Kingsborough Community College, as a Liberal Arts Major. After a few semesters, I realized that I wanted to fulfill my dream of being part of the medical field.   Several reasons aroused as to why I choose this program. First, I wanted to hone my talents and strengthen my inclination towards the medical field. I have always been interested in the work done physicians who specialized in Ob/Gyne, especially how a living human being survives inside the female’s body. Being given the chance to experience life from the small detail up to the time the baby is born never fails to fascinate me. Another reason that made me go for this field is the fact that I wanted to help teenage girls who were having their own babies at such a young age. I want to give them a place that they can go to, without the hassle of worrying about people who will judge them. These include the 9-month preparation that the mothers will have to endure before their babies are born. When accepted, I plan to further enhance my craft, taking into heart the training that this university will offer. I will use the experiences and the knowledge to practice my chosen field, and at the same time, be of service to mankind. When given the chance, I also want to work for the New York City hospital. I believe that knowledge that I will acquire from this university will be beneficial in the fulfillment of my dreams and aspirations. This is something that I can hold on to for the rest of my life.    How to cite NYU Diagnostic Medical Sonography Program, Essay examples

Leadership Managing And Developing People - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Leadership Managing And Developing People. Answer: Introduction Leadership and management are those terms, which are frequently, considered as synonymous. However, leadership is an important part when it comes to understand the operations of the management system (R?ducan and R?ducan 2014). Thus, being an essential part of the management system the leadership behavior mainly emphasizes on creating an environment in which every employee grows and excels. However, another important concept of management is the corporate culture because if the management wants to modify their organizational environment into a high performing organization then they must address the organizational culture. Lastly, there is change management, which is another important concept of leading, managing and developing people in an organization, which is a discipline, which assists the employees to prepare, equip and supports successfully the adopted changes so that they can take forward the organizational success as well as outcomes (Hayes 2014). The main aim of this report is to undertake an analysis of the Coles supermarket organization in order to apply the theories and concepts of leading managing and developing people (LMDP) and make further recommendations. Brief introduction of the company Coles Supermarkets is mainly an Australian based supermarket, retailer as well as consumer services chain which is owned by its parent company named Wesfarmers (Coles.com.au. 2018). It has its headquarters in Melbourne, Australia. George Coles in Collingwood, Melbourne, founded this organization in 1914. Coles operate throughout Australia via 801 stores, which also involve many rebranded BI-LO supermarkets. The total number of employee Coles has is more than 10,000 and along with its biggest competitor Woolworths, they consider more that 80% of the markets in Australia. Coles also has their online shopping sites through which their customers can order their products and can avail home delivery services. Coles comes with a wide range of products starting from bread and bakery, fruits and vegetables, meats, seafood and deli, dairy, eggs and meals, pantry, frozen, drinks, liquor, international foods, households, healthy and beauty products, baby food, pet food, stationary and media, tob acco to socks and jocks (Coles.com.au. 2018). The current CEO of Coles supermarket is John Durkan who has taken up this responsibility since July 2014. Organizational analysis Analysis of Leadership in Coles Leadership, which is a necessary function of the management of any organization, actually helps them enhance their efficacy as well as to attain their set organizational goals (Westerberg and Tafvelin 2014). Therefore, the concept of leadership is important in the organizations management system because of the following reasons- Initiates action- it is the leader in an organization who begins the work through communicating among the teammates to proceed with the work Motivation- to get the work done it is the leader who motivates the employees both economically as well as non-economically Guidance- Leader not only monitors his subordinates but also provides them assistance so that the employees can complete the work effectively Building confidence and morale- leaders hears the voices of the employees and tries to solve their complains or problems along with act as an morale booster by attaining full cooperation so that the subordinates can give their best abilities to do perform their jobs Creating work environment- leaders should treat every employee in a humanitarian way so that he can get his work done in an effective way. However, for this he should build a work environment, which is sound and stable for growth (Westerberg and Tafvelin 2014). Therefore, Leadership is impactful in any organization be it big or small. Leadership and management constitute two completely distinct business concepts. Leadership in one hand is very commonly defined as initiating a clear vision, then communicating that vision with others, solving the conflicts, which arises between different employees who are mainly responsible to accomplishing the vision of the organization (Ullah 2013). However, management is the company as well as coordination of different economic resources in any business. Thus, leadership has a significant impact on a companys performance. In any business, three types of leaderships are very common those are authoritarian, democratic and laissez-faire leaderships. Each of these leadership styles has different impact on the organization. In organizations, which follow authoritarian leadership, style is mainly found to have previously set clear goals for its employees as well as commanding towards them. Democratic leadership motivates through feedbacks and inputs from their managers or employees regarding the overall performance of the organization. Lastly, laissez-faire leadership is the one in which the managers as well as the employees works according to their own preferences and schedules. This leadership style can further guide the employees to poor motivation and work practices (Chaudhry and Javed 2012). However, from George Coles to the current CEO John Durkan, the leaders are mainly found emphasizing more on their employees and thus, following transformational leadership. Through this type of leadership, it has been observed in Coles that the leaders mainly build high-performance teams by inspiring the team members to give more than what they are think; they are capable of giving (Keith 2012). This kind of leadership is found in all the levels of organization like in their teams, departments, divisions or in the overall organization. Popular leaders of Coles be it George Coles, Ian Mcleod or currently John Durkan all have been observed as visionary, inspiring, daring, risk-takers as well as thoughtful thinkers. Coles leaders mainly has an charismatic appeal but it is not only sufficient for brining change in the organization and so to bring the necessary changes the leaders of Coles are found to follow the model of transformational leadership which includes four major factors and t hey are as follows- Inspirational motivation- The leaders of Coles have been found in promoting the organizational vision, mission as well as set of values to their employees. Moreover, their visions are so captivating that they are very much sure of what they need from each interaction. The leaders have been observed to have assisting their employees by bestowing them a sense of meaning as well as challenges in their work (Muchiri and Ayoko 2013). Intellectual stimulation- Coles leaders are mainly found encouraging their employees to be more innovative as well as creative when dealing with their customers. Mcleod as well as Durkan has been found to have encouraging new ideas from their employees and avoid criticizing the employees in front of others if they are found committing any mistakes. Idealized influence- The leaders are the role models in Coles who always tries to win the respect and trust of their employees. The leaders of Coles always places the needs of their employees over their own and sacrifice their gains for their employees and further displays high standards of ethical conduct in the organization. Individualized consideration-Moreover, the leaders of Coles are found to act as mentors to their employees as found giving rewards for the work to get appreciated. Each employee is treated accordingly to their skills and talents and is always provide with the support they need from the organization. The employees are also empowered to make decisions in the organization, which further make them feel that they are an essential part of the organization, and as a team, they can attain what the organization dreams to achieve (Yao et al. 2014). Analysis of Corporate culture in Coles Corporate culture at retail industry is mainly focused on the internal and external stakeholders of the organization. The companies consider the kind of culture to retain its employees and alleviate the customers experience. The corporate strategy of all the three-hierarchy level is the constituents of the culture, which is a soft concept in the area. The main contribution of this companys corporate culture is to satisfy the stakeholders by their policies. However, corporate culture is viewed differently by organizations like there are businesses, which understand its importance and spend appropriately to either enhance or sustain culture, which is positive while on the other hand there are organizations, which totally ignore corporate culture.It is hard to statistically display the impact that corporate culture has on the organization but it is believed that workers from those organizations, which has a powerful experience of corporate culture encounters a sense of familiarity, enga gement as well as commitment towards the organization, that is indeed mandatory for success (Eccles, Ioannou and Serafeim 2012). Therefore, the important role that corporate culture has in any organization is as follows- Corporate culture goes a long way so that it can build the brand image of the organization. Therefore, the corporate culture provides an identity to the organization and thus, any organization is always known by its work culture. Corporate culture further modifies the way in which the workers communicate in the workplace. A healthy corporate culture always motivates the workers to stay encouraged as well as loyal to the management system and the corporate culture encourages healthy relationship among their workers. It also stretches a long way to advance in healthy competitions within the organization. Therefore, the corporate culture mainly motivates their employees so that they can effectively perform their assigned works. The corporate culture also guides to effectively create an emotional attachment to the organization through cultivating a sense of familiarity and by staying committed with the company and enhancing a sense of unification at the workplace. Each organization should have a pre decided set of guidelines for their workers so that they can work accordingly. Therefore, the corporate culture of any organization constitutes certain previously defined policies that can help their employees by providing them with a sense of direction in the organization. Therefore, corporate culture provides each employee to have a clear idea about their roles as well as responsibilities in the organization in order to accomplish their task before their assigned deadlines (Alvesson 2012). The six main constituents of corporate culture are people, vision and values that the company has to propose to its employees and customers, places narrative and practices. The purpose of providing a vision statement is to give the objective of the company. The vision is to provide a greater value of products to their customers and strive for lowering the price, weekly shopping basket offers, better quality delivery through fresh produce. Concisely they want their customers to have better experience in the shopping. The value proposition in the companys consists of delivering a better-networked store, focus on freshness, and Transform their liquor division into a more profit-making department, building a better suppliers relationship. As their tagline suggests A little better every day (Alvesson 2012). As Coles is in the retail business for more than 100 years, it has simultaneously perfected their corporate strategy as well as the culture. It has several employee welfare programs and policies to enhance customers experience. It recently also has launched and animal welfare program and phasing out the sow stalls of pig farming, while committing to cage free Coles brand eggs. The company has also shifted the proper value proposition to their suppliers through different suppliers awards. Their long-term relationship with Sun drop Tomatoes became a success when they created job opportunities all over Australia and build a 20-hectare greenhouse facility using solar power and desalinated seawater. Over the last decade Coles has also been engaged in many corporate strategic steps with the building a better customer value and enhancing social responsibility. The good will gained from those programs was very effective and helped them alleviate the corporate social responsibility (Eccles, I oannou and Serafeim 2012). In building, a good corporate culture to enrich the internal environment of the Coles the managers and leaders have initiated much function in the company. Coles employees are highly satisfied and experience best range of innovative personal and professional development programs to support them. The diversity of in the employees is appreciated and is very efficient in bringing the diverse background people in serving customers. The AAP programs (Accessibility Action Program) of Coles demonstrates the human rights commission across university. They also help in students disability programs and networking through their internship programs (Graham et al. 2017). Analysis of Change management in Coles Change in organization is very essential as moving with the economic trends are very essential for companies. Change management in the retail has also become essential, as this has become the fast moving industry with respect to innovation compared to other industries. The globalization has opened all the doors for these retails to source materials from a cheaper source as well as optimizing the supply chain and logistics part of the company (Bhushanet al. 2017).. After the technological boom, the ecommerce sector came into being and changed the retail experience of the customers. The online grocery shopping also became a part of the ecommerce later and the retail giants were compelled to open an online chain for the purpose of competing with other ecommerce (Samuelet al.,2015). As Coles was in the retail industry for more than 100 years, they were also compelled to open an separate online site and delivered the products. Change can happen on different level in an organization. From the corporate level to individual, level(Doppelt 2017). The change happens in an organization. Many authors have accumulated that change in different models. The most well known of the model is Kurt Lewins change management model, which consists of the three steps that is Unfeeze, Change and refreeze. Different organizational specific indicators indicate the transformation need and change becomes mandatory in the internal or in the external environment. McKinseys 7S models consists of the 7 factors like Strategy, structure, systems, skills, staff, shared values and style (Samuelet al.,2015). Gauging the objective of change the strategy of change is implemented. It considers the finance, marketing, human resource and other factors like development of soft and hard skills of the company. Analyzing all the elements and interconnections among the elements is major part of the change, which leads to transformation. The Kotters theory of change management consists of 8 steps. They are Creating the sense of urgency; building a core form of coalition; forming the related strategic vision; getting all the stakeholders come to an understanding the objective of the change; removing the barriers and reducing the friction, generating and acknowledging the short term wins; sustainability check and setting the milestone (Fernie and Sparks 2014). The opportunity of transforming the organization culture is achieved through these steps. The main component of the model is the sense of urgency and communicating the change need is regarded in the model. The development of the standard practi ces is also regarded in the company (Samuelet al.,2015). The deployment of this practice is also done before the enactment of change. In the nudge theory the basic principles consists of first defining the changes and considers the employees point of view in the change management considerations(Fernie and Sparks 2014). Using the past data evidence are shown and done through choosing best option. Then the next stage considers the change as a choice and listening to feedbacks and hurdles of the employees in the change process. This model also considers the short-term wins. Over the 100 years Coles has gone through a range of change in the company, be it structural or functional. After the emergence of the company, they rapidly focused on quality service and values. Through innovation, the company started converting to the self-service stores and started setting the pace in the progressive market. In 1969 the company Coles started and named them as tomorrow shops. With the growth and rise in the technology, they adopted the challenges. Wesfarmers acquired Coles in the year 2009 and then they started their journey to excellence under the leadership of Ian McLeod. He was the most noted managing director at Coles to lead the company to fourth position from fourteenth position through change management. Under his guidance, Coles group got to strategise their division and focused on the strength of their company. First, he visited the company outlets to gauge the customers reaction to the store and how can it be enriched. He also found that the company was i n a stagnated stage in terms of innovation. The employees were unenthusiastic about the work, demoralised and worn out. He then included the stakeholders analysis and strengthened the suppliers relationship (Bhushanet al. 2017). Coles benefitted from the good base of fresh produce suppliers in Australia. The alliance between the retailer and the suppliers helped them in reducing the price for the customers. It was also under his guidance that made it possible for them to enter into the venture with the Wesfarmers. Direct marketing concept of the company was also very important made by him. He also initiated the change management effectively and became the top most leader of change. The current leader is Jon Durkan who is heading the main division of Coles in Melbourne. He is also a stern believer of transformation as it is recognized through analysis that he is a transformational leader. Conclusion and Recommendation Therefore, it can be concluded that the Coles is one of the major competitor in the supermarket industry. The corporate culture is focused on the values they communicate through the vision statements. The customers value proposition is also effective. The companys present leadership under John Durkan has made the company expand in newer division. He is recognised to be the most effective leader. The change management under the previous managing Director Ian McLeod was notable, as the company has undergone a huge transformation around that time. From the above analysis it can be suggested that Entering in a more long-term relationship with the suppliers and maintaining their relationship with the current suppliers are mandatory for the company to thrive. They also must consider the sustainability factor to be incorporated in their operations. Cost reduction, sales increase and optimizing the inventory management by just in time model can be used for the company. The company scan also consider to expand in the key geographical area and use the advantage of exporting fresh produce in different country, Sponsorships to expand marketing can be used. The Australian fresh produce are very much in demand. To alleviate the online as well as the brick and mortars experience more quality products can be offered with value proper value proposition. Reference Alvesson, M., 2012.Understanding organizational culture. Sage. Bhushan, A., Zanwar, A., Jain, N. and Rao, P.H., 2017. 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Coles, Woolworths and the local.Locale: The Australasian-Pacific Journal of Regional Food Studies,2, pp.47-81. Muchiri, M.K. and Ayoko, O.B., 2013. Linking demographic diversity to organisational outcomes: The moderating role of transformational leadership.Leadership Organization Development Journal,34(5), pp.384-406. R?ducan, R. and R?ducan, R., 2014. Leadership and management.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,149, pp.808-812. Samuel, D., Found, P. and Williams, S.J., 2015. How did the publication of the book The Machine That Changed The World change management thinking? Exploring 25 years of lean literature.International Journal of Operations Production Management,35(10), pp.1386-1407. Simes, C. and Sebastiani, R., 2017. The nature of the relationship between corporate identity and corporate sustainability: Evidence from the retail industry.Business Ethics Quarterly,27(3), pp.423-453. Ullah, A., 2013. Impact of Leadership on Organizational Performance. Westerberg, K. and Tafvelin, S., 2014. The importance of leadership style and psychosocial work environment to staff?assessed quality of care: implications for home help services.Health social care in the community,22(5), pp.461-468. Yao, Y.H., Fan, Y.Y., Guo, Y.X. and Li, Y., 2014. Leadership, work stress and employee behavior.Chinese Management Studies,8(1), pp.109-126.